Suchergebnisse

Es wird ein Überblick gegeben über die ökonomische und politische Diskussion der Eliteeinwanderung aus den Entwicklungsländern in die Industrieländer, die unter dem Stichwort "Brain-Drain" ein Streitfeld in der internationalen Entwicklungs- und Migrationsdiskussion geworden ist. Dargestellt werden die heute verfügbaren Daten zum zahlenmäßigen Umfang und zur Richtung der "Humankapitalflucht". Die Ursachen des "Brain-Drain" und dessen Folgen werden diskutiert. Dabei wird besonders auf Prognosen der ökonomischen Wachstumstheorie zurückgegriffen. Abschließend werden einige mögliche Politikoptionen erörtert, die sich zur Steuerung der Elitewanderung aus Entwicklungsländern anbieten. (prh)

Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 -- An Overview of Greece's "Brain Drain" Crisis: Morphology and Beyond -- Abstract -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Social-Historical Precedents -- 1.2.1. More Recent Outmigration from Greece -- 1.3. Greek Universities: From Negation to Meteoric Increases in Providing Postgraduate Studies -- 1.4. Greek Students Studying Abroad: Creating the Conditions for an Effective Brain Drain -- 1.4.1. Greek Student Emigration in the UK as a Case in Point -- 1.5. The Impact of the Crisis -- 1.5.1. The Economic Crisis, Brain Drain and the Middle Class -- 1.6. Economic Crisis's Impact on Higher Education Teaching Staff and the Brain Drain -- 1.6.1. Number of University Teaching Staff -- 1.6.2. Level of University Teaching Staff Remuneration -- 1.7. A Crisis-Instigated New European Migration -- 1.7.1. Some Gross Data on Recent Emigration from Countries Experiencing Crisis to European Destinations -- 1.7.2. Fuzzy Data and Exaggerated Estimates -- 1.8. A Belated Literature Review on the New Greek Emigration and the Brain Drain -- 1.8.1. Push and Pull Factors -- 1.9. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2 -- "Brain Drain" in Higher Education: The Case of Cyprus -- Abstract -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. The Impact of the Economic Crisis in Cyprus -- 2.3. Strategies for Choice-Making for Higher Education Destinations in Cyprus -- 2.4. Historic Overview of Higher Education in Cyprus and Ideological Mechanisms Behind Choice Making -- 2.5. In Search of Higher Education Today -- 2.6. "Brain Drain" -- 2.7. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 -- An Empirical Study of the Italian Academic "Brain Drain": Effects and Determinants -- Abstract -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Theoretical Approach -- 3.3. The Italian Research System

Relying on an original data set on international migration by educational attainment for 1990 and 2000, we analyze the determinants of the brain drain from developing countries. We start from a simple decomposition of the brain drain in two multiplicative components, the degree of openness of sending countries (as measured by their average emigration rate) and the schooling gap (as measured by the relative education level of emigrants compared to natives). Using various regression models, we put forward the determinants of these components and explain cross-country differences in skilled migration. Unsurprisingly, the brain drain is strong in small countries which are not too distant from the major OECD regions, which share colonial links with OECD countries and which send most of their migrants to host countries where quality-selective immigration programs exist. More interestingly, the brain drain increases with political instability and the degree of fractionalization at origin; it globally decreases with natives' human capital.

Relying on an original data set on international migration by educational attainment for 1990 and 2000, we analyze the determinants of the brain drain from developing countries. We start from a simple decomposition of the brain drain in two multiplicative components, the degree of openness of sending countries (as measured by their average emigration rate) and the schooling gap (as measured by the relative education level of emigrants compared to natives). Using various regression models, we put forward the determinants of these components and explain cross-country differences in skilled migration. Unsurprisingly, the brain drain is strong in small countries which are not too distant from the major OECD regions, which share colonial links with OECD countries and which send most of their migrants to host countries where quality-selective immigration programs exist. More interestingly, the brain drain increases with political instability and the degree of fractionalization at origin; it globally decreases with natives' human capital.